Reflecting on 1 Samuel 13:1–23, one key idea to consider is that of kingship. Quite simply, God’s king must be a man who perfectly obeys the Lord in everything. He must be a model of godly behaviour in the midst of trying circumstances. From him, there must be no excuses for sin—no deciding what is right and wrong for himself, just simple obedience. And if he perfectly obeys God, then he can claim an eternal kingdom, at least that is the suggestion in 1 Samuel 13:13–14.
Under the terms of the old Mosaic covenant, Israel’s relative obedience could earn physical life in the land of Canaan (see Deuteronomy 5:33). There was a works or obedience principle in operation with blessing for obedience and curses for disobedience (see Deuteronomy 28:1–68).1 And this works or obedience principle was meant to emphasize that heavenly life—life in God’s presence—must be earned. Perfect obedience is the requirement. For Israel, their continued sins and failures were meant to help them look for another who could do what they could not do. A man after God’s own heart who would walk in his ways. A king that would be perfectly obedient. That is what we find in 1 Samuel 13:13–14. A confirmation that the works or obedience principle also applies to the kingdom and that the obedience of the king is vital for the future of Israel.
The true king must earn an eternal kingdom for God’s people. He must live the perfect life in their place. That is of course what our Lord Jesus came to do. Not David, but Jesus was the One who fulfilled the law and lived in perfect submission to the Father. Forty days without food, he did not allow his circumstances to dictate his obedience. On each occasion when he was tempted, his answer to the devil was: It is written.
God has spoken. He must be obeyed.
In the Garden of Gethsemane, his followers fall asleep and one of his close friends betray him. These were difficult circumstances, yet he still prays, Not my will but yours be done.
Perfectly obedient, Jesus was the King who walked by faith and not by sight. He was the king who redeemed those under law that we might receive adoption as sons. He earned a place in heaven, and through faith in him we may graciously obtain an inheritance we do not deserve. Christian, your future with God in glory is not based on your obedience but the obedience of Christ in your place.
Following our Lord Jesus today, the closest parallel with Saul and 1 Samuel 13:1–23 relates to church office-bearers, the men who are called to serve as elder and deacon (see 1 Timothy 3:1–16; Titus 1:1–16). Office-bearers must be men who are known for their commitment to God’s law. They must set godly examples of obedience in the midst of suffering and difficult circumstances. Above reproach, sober-minded, self-controlled, hospitable, and gentle. The fruits of the Spirit must be evident in the lives of those who are called to lead God’s people.
1 Saul lived for one year and then became king, and when he had reigned for two years over Israel,