In several English Bible translations (e.g., KJV, NKJV, NLT) the phrase the Sun of Righteousness
is capitalized, which would indicate that the translators saw this as a direct reference to God, and then most likely a reference to the Son of God incarnate, our Lord Jesus Christ. Other translations leave this phrase uncapitalized, which would indicate that these translators did not see this as a direct reference to God. But whether direct or indirect, it is clear that that this dawning of the sun of righteousness is connected with the coming of God to his people, to vindicate them, and to deliver them from their darkness. God is likened to the sun (Psalm 84:11) and the glory with which he rewards the righteous is like light (Isaiah 60:1). God’s deliverance of his people is portrayed as the dawning of light to his people who sit in darkness (Isaiah 9:2; Isaiah 30:26, Isaiah 58:10), and in the song of Zechariah the coming of Christ is described in these terms: The sunrise shall visit us from on high, to give light to those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace
(Luke 1:78–79).
2 But for you who fear my name, the sun of righteousness shall rise with healing in its wings. You shall go out leaping like calves from the stall.