The beginning of this verse connects with the image of nature’s fury in smoking volcanoes, because David asks if the Lord can scatter them—that is, his enemies—by means of lightning. The text does not say who them
may be, but some modern translations justifiably add the enemies
or the peoples.
Besides, Psalm 144:1 already referred to the enemies. Psalm 144:6 has two parallel sentences, because Psalm 144:6b, send your arrows and rout them,
is in military terms the same as Psalm 144:6a, flash forth the lightning and scatter them.
6 Flash forth the lightning and scatter them; send out your arrows and rout them!