1. 1 Samuel 18:4 (ESV)
  2. Exposition

Why did Jonathan give his robe and other items to David?

1 Samuel 18:4 (ESV)

4 And Jonathan stripped himself of the robe that was on him and gave it to David, and his armor, and even his sword and his bow and his belt.

If clothing symbolizes person and position, then Jonathan is transferring the right of succession to David (see Numbers 20:24–28; 1 Kings 19:19–21; Isaiah 22:21).1 He would do so only if he was aware of David’s anointing, or if he recognized David as the king to replace his father.2 This was very unusual behaviour for a crown prince. Normally one would expect such an individual to kill a perceived challenger rather than honouring him.3 Whatever the precise implications of the clothing transfer may be, they certainly confirm that Jonathan had great respect for David.4