1. Joshua 9:16 (ESV)
  2. Exposition

How did the Israelites find out about where the Gibeonites lived?

Joshua 9:16 (ESV)

16 At the end of three days after they had made a covenant with them, they heard that they were their neighbors and that they lived among them.

We are not told how they come upon the news that the people who made a treaty with them were their neighbours. Most likely they had spies who were sent out to explore the towns in the region or they heard news from some travellers.