On the day of Atonement, the defilement of the nation was purged. In this way the Holy of Holies was purified from the uncleanness of Israel. As a result, the people would not be judged by God. According to Wenham, by cleansing the sanctuary they permit the holy God to dwell among an unholy people.
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19 And he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times, and cleanse it and consecrate it from the uncleannesses of the people of Israel.