The letter is from Paul and Timothy. Paul is the famous apostle. He is the actual writer: in the letter he often speaks of I
and me.
Timothy (which means: he who honours God) was one of Pauls’ co-workers. To Paul, he was his beloved and faithful child in the Lord
(1 Corinthians 4:17). In this letter too, Paul speaks of him with great appreciation (Philippians 2:19–23). They met on Paul’s second missionary journey (Acts 16:1–3). It is impossible to say exactly what Timothy’s role was in writing this letter. Perhaps Paul consulted with him about the content, and Timothy agreed.
They call themselves servants of Christ Jesus. For servants
Paul uses a word for slaves
: they are subject to Christ their Lord and completely devoted to him.
The letter is addressed to all the saints in Christ Jesus in Philippi. The title saints
is difficult to understand without the OT: Israel was a holy people,
because they were separated by God from the other nations and called to his service. So the title saints
signifies two things: called away from the world without God and destined for a special task, which is to serve God.
The saints are in Christ Jesus. They belong to Christ. They are one with him. They are governed and ruled by him. The believers are not saints of themselves, but through Jesus Christ. Compare what Paul writes about the church at Corinth: sanctified in Christ Jesus and called to be God’s saints (1 Corinthians 1:2). The letter is therefore intended for all believers in Philippi.
Then it says: together with the overseers and deacons. From other passages (Acts 20:28; 1 Peter 5:1–4) it appears that the overseers supervised, like shepherds over a flock. The deacons had the task of assistance.
1 Paul and Timothy, servants of Christ Jesus,To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are at Philippi, with the overseers and deacons: