It is possible that only one individual is in view. Perhaps it was an influential leader who enjoyed a high standing and respect among the Galatians.1 Whether one, two, or many, the false teachers who have confused the Galatians with their false gospel (Galatians 1:6–7) will not escape judgment (Galatians 1:8–9). They will certainly meet God’s wrath on the last day.2 There may also be a present retribution in view.3
10 I have confidence in the Lord that you will take no other view, and the one who is troubling you will bear the penalty, whoever he is.