1. Revelation 16:17 (ESV)
  2. Exposition

What was the significance of a “bowl”?

Revelation 16:17 (ESV)

17 The seventh angel poured out his bowl into the air, and a loud voice came out of the temple, from the throne, saying, “It is done!”

Sin provokes the righteous judgment/wrath of holy God. By his grace, a lamb could be sacrificed on the altar in the Old Testament tabernacle in place of the sinner. The lamb absorbed the righteous judgment of holy God on sin and thus was destroyed, burned, consumed by the flames—and the sinner forgiven. Invariably the destruction of the lamb on the fire (together with underlying wood) left a residue of ashes. With the use of bowls the Levites carried this residue out of the tabernacle to a place outside the camp for total incineration (Exodus 27:3; Leviticus 4:12; Leviticus 6:11). Since the ashes were residue of the lamb, these ashes represented the (remaining) wrath of God. On the cross Jesus Christ as Lamb of God (John 1:29) fulfilled the good news foreshadowed in the sacrifices of the Old Testament altar (Hebrews 13:11–12). In the new dispensation that good news has been (and continues to be) broadcasted over all the earth (Revelation 14:6). But many people reject this gospel (Revelation 14:7–11) and so God’s wrath remains on these people. God sends (a full number of) seven angels with seven bowls to pour out his wrath on nations and tribes and languages and peoples (Revelation 14:6) who reject his redeeming grace.