1. Amos 1:3 (ESV)
  2. Exposition

What role did Syria (with Damascus as its capital) play in Israel’s history?

Amos 1:3 (ESV)

3 Thus says the LORD: “For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment, because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron.

During the time of the monarchy Syria was one of Israel’s main enemies (1 Kings 11:23–25; 1 Kings 15:16–20; 1 Kings 20:1 – 22:40), though they later joined forces in opposition to Assyria (2 Kings 16:5–9).