Introduction
It will be helpful to give a brief summary of Acts 2:1–36 in order to give some context to the final section of the narrative. Mention how the Spirit came in power, with the sound of rushing wind, the sight of fire, and the gift of languages. Say something about how the Jews responded in surprise and wanted to find out what was going on. Also mention the main points of Peter’s subsequent speech. Finish by repeating the rousing statement in Acts 2:36: this Jesus whom you crucified God has made both Lord and Christ.
Cut to the heart and the place of baptism
Explain: why was the crowd cut to the heart? What does that phrase mean? What do they deserve for their rejection of the Christ?
Explain: why are Peter’s words so radical and different? Why can baptism in the name of Jesus result in forgiveness of sin and the gift of the Spirit?
The gift of the Spirit and children
Explain/Apply: what is the connection between baptism, the Spirit, and forgiveness? Is Peter giving us an order of salvation?
Explain/Apply: for whom is the promise of forgiveness? Is the Christian faith limited to people of a particular ethnicity, language, or nation?
Explain/Apply: what do Peter’s word suggest about the place of children in the new covenant?
Repent and be baptized
Explain/Apply: what does it mean for us to repent?
Explain/Apply: have you been baptized?
Explain/Apply: are you seeking comfort in your experiences or in God’s promises?
Conclusion
What a wonderful end to the Pentecost Sunday—the Spirit manifesting his presence not only in the gifts of languages but also the conversion of Jewish men and women. The Good News of Christ has been preached and the church has grown. As those who have been baptized and added to the church, let us live in the light of our baptism and pray that God would continue to gather his people from all corners of the world.
37 Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?”